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More to wine than meets the eye

Sep 08, 2015
The Dodgy Brothers: Wes Pearson, Peter Somerville and Peter Bolte. Photo: supplied

The Dodgy Brothers: Wes Pearson, Peter Somerville and Peter Bolte. Photo: supplied

Wes Pearson just called by. Wes is a sensory scientist at the Australian Wine Research Institute, and he makes the cheeky Dodgy Bros wines after-hours – they’re the ones with the upside-down labels.

Wes has one working eye. I have a weird form of colourblindness. We laughed about how differently-abled people regard us as handicapped, and therefore dodgy to a degree, and marveled at the unfolding science of human sensory perception, how it varies from one to another, and how each individual reacts differently to the same flavours at different times.

In one of those brief conversations that I was tempted to record and transcribe, but rather let flow, we sat on the verandah and spoke of how much humans have learned about our organoleptic abilities in the last 50 years.

This lode of discovery seems to magnify at an exponential pace.

In the gloaming, we looked out over Ayers Flat past Mt Bold to the Ranges, watching the mists slide from the uplands down Dashwood Gully toward the Gulf St Vincent, all the way through the Onkaparinga Gorge. I got the feeling Wes got the feeling that this whole Fred McCubbin motion-painting thing we were in was really a movie of smell.

Having followed the frontline of such science as best I can amateurishly do, I can vouch that in the last seven or eight years, the advancements in the understanding of our organoleptic senses has been phenomenal. Like, out-there.

When I lived on the edge of the big Yangarra farmyard, I knew there was a biodynamic cycles calendar in the vineyard shed. I taste wine every morning. Some mornings it just won’t work. Different times I’d have my nose to the winestone, sniffing to no avail: my receptors were down. The wines were not singing, talking or even mumbling. I didn’t hit this panic too often, mind you, but when I let it settle I’d wander over to check the calendar in the shed and most times it turned out to be what the biodynamicists call a “root day”.

Biodynamicists don’t trust their noses on root days. Hardcore bio-d leaders won’t move wine, rack barrels or even drink wine on root days. I’m cool with that. No skin off anybody else’s nose. I have no idea how this moon cycle system can work. I want to know. My brain is hungry for the science.

Emotion changes my organoleptic sensibility. There are those moments when the past sweeps in and an overwhelming wave dumps you or a seeping insidious weep comes under the door to rot your feet and you take to a good consoling chair and the way you understand the wine in your glass will change with your mood.

Lately, partly due to the cabin fever the winter brings, the spirits of many departed friends swoop by at random. Mood spooks. Depending on whose it is and how it got into my hand and what happened, a wine can explode like a windscreen in my face. Or it can slump into the deepest swampy blues in E minor, depending on how I feel.

The prettiest florals can leap from a fresh Riesling, like, speckling dots of colour on the brain like the trippy pointillism of Seurat. On a good spring day, every single one of those thousands of dots will bring its own brilliant fragrance.

Conversely, even the most vibrant Shiraz can lose its bloom when those blues move to the grey and gloom of a rotting memory on the Lakes.

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One day we will learn about how memory, mood and grief administer our ability to smell. What joy has to do with it; music and light. How the vibrating patterns of leafy shadows make mellow reds look edgy; how a fudgy muddy day can make them seem as soft and sure and warming as a mother.

I took quite some flak in the ’80s, when I suggested that before too long we’d prove that the body constantly monitors and manages its organs through its constant analysis of its exhalations. Like, we smell when we breathe out, just as much as we do breathing in. We have never been trained to notice this. My point being that the exhalation is actually the smell of our blood coming fresh from our damp lungs. Why wouldn’t our clever little noses be analysing this?

Not only has that heretical notion edged toward reality, but great organoleptic scientists like Dr Hanns Hatt and his Ruhr University Bochum team in Germany have gone well beyond that, discovering olfactory receptors all over the human body. Hatt reports smell and flavour receptors in our hearts, lungs, livers and brains – all our major organs. Which includes the testes and that biggest organ of them all: our skin.

Which explains the way we feel places, like great vineyards, or that rolling wall of aroma and weather that entertained Wes and I on the verandah.

Such discoveries are much more easily tracked since the advent of the internet. It seems a lifetime ago that I first began to unlock its wonder to discover the radical work of Nirupa Chaudhari and her team at University of Miami, Florida, when she demolished the old school map of the zones of the tongue – those neatly-segmented bits that detected sweet, sour, salt and bitter – partly by proving there were complicated receptors all over the tongue that were custom-built to receive monosodium glutamate, the perfectly natural umami flavour and texture which makes everything else taste and feel better.

Since its discovery by Professor Kikunae Ikeda in Japan 1908, the concept of umami as MSG had been ridiculed by the west, as its physiologists and neurologists had maintained that as this stuff works like WD40 in the brain, we could not possibly detect it or we’d fuse our neurones. Not only did Chaudhari discover the protein filter in the MSG receptors in the human tongue, but we also know now that the glutamates occur naturally in many great wines.

That’s a turn-on.

The implications of all these variables and all those billions humans spend on sensory titillation have yet to be understood. Apply the science of such variables to the phenomenon of the wine show system and you’re floundering.

Apply it to pheromones and the way they influence other people’s receptors and mob behaviour and we’re only just starting.

We marvelled at the astonishing amount of human sensory data the Wine Research Institute has assembled over these recent years, and the power it could have if scientifically mined for information and patterns we haven’t even realised we need to understand.

Next time I’ll turn on the recorder.

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